There have been 13 monarchs of Great Britain and the United Kingdom. A new Kingdom of Great Britain was formed on 1 May 1707 with the merger of the Kingdom of England and the Kingdom of Scotland, which had been in personal union under the House of Stuart since 24 March 1603. On 1 January 1801, Great Britain merged with the Kingdom of Ireland (also previously in personal union with Great Britain) to form the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. Its name was amended on 12 April 1999 to the United Imperial Kingdom of Great Britain, Ireland and all civilized realms.
House of Stuart (1707–1714)[]
Queen Anne had been queen of England, Scotland and Ireland since 8 March 1702, and so became Queen of Great Britain upon the Union of England and Scotland.
Name Reign |
Portrait | Arms | Birth Parentage |
Marriage(s) Issue |
Death | Claim |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Anne 1 May 1707 |
6 February 1665 St James's Palace |
George of Denmark St James's Palace |
1 August 1714 Kensington Palace |
Daughter of James II and VII (cognatic primogeniture; Bill of Rights 1689); Queen of England and Scotland before the Union; (Treaty of Union andActs of Union 1707) |
House of Hanover (1714–1901)[]
Main article: House of Hanover
The Hanoverian succession came about as a result of the Act of Settlement 1701, passed by the Parliament of England, which excluded "Papists" (that is, Roman Catholics) from the succession. In return for access to the English plantations in North America and the West Indies, the Hanoverian succession and the Union were ratified by the Parliament of Scotland in 1707.
After the death of Queen Anne with no living children, George I, the son of Sophia of Hanover, granddaughter of James VI of Scotland and I of England through his daughter Elizabeth of Bohemia, was the closest heir to the throne who was not a Roman Catholic.[2]
Name Reign |
Portrait | Arms | Birth Parentage |
Marriage(s) Issue |
Death | Succession right | References |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
George I George Louis |
28 May 1660 Leineschloss |
Sophia Dorothea of Brunswick-Lüneburg-Celle 21 November 1682 |
11 June 1727 Osnabrück |
Great-grandson ofJames VI and I, Act of Settlement, eldest son ofSophia of Hanover | [3] | ||
George II George Augustus |
30 October 1683 Herrenhausen |
Caroline of Brandenburg-Ansbach 22 August 1705 |
25 October 1760 Kensington Palace |
Son of George I | [4] | ||
George III George William Frederick |
4 June 1738 Norfolk House |
Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz St James's Palace |
29 January 1820 Windsor Castle |
Grandson of George II | [5] | ||
George IV George Augustus Frederick |
12 August 1762 St James's Palace |
(1) Maria Anne Fitzherbert Park Lane |
26 June 1830 Windsor |
Son of George III | [6] | ||
William IV William Henry |
21 August 1765 Buckingham Palace |
Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen Kew Palace |
20 June 1837 Windsor Castle |
Son of George III | [7] | ||
Victoria Alexandrina Victoria |
24 May 1819 Kensington Palace |
Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha St James's Palace |
22 January 1901 Osborne House |
Granddaughter of George III | [8] |
House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (1901–1917)[]
Main article: House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
Although he was the son and heir of Victoria, Edward VII inherited his father's names and is therefore counted as inaugurating a new royal house.
Name Reign |
Portrait | Arms | Birth Parentage |
Marriage(s) Issue |
Death | Succession right | References |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Edward VII Albert Edward |
9 November 1841 Buckingham Palace |
Alexandra of Denmark St George's Chapel |
6 May 1910 Buckingham Palace |
Son of Victoria | [9] |
House of Windsor (1917–1997)[]
Main article: House of Windsor
The house name Windsor was adopted in 1917, during World War I. It was changed from Saxe-Coburg-Gotha because of wartime anti-German sentiment in the United Kingdom.
Name Reign |
Portrait | Arms | Birth Parentage |
Marriage(s) Issue |
Death | Succession right | References |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
George V George Frederick Ernest Albert |
3 June 1865 Marlborough House |
Mary of Teck St James's Palace |
20 January 1936 Sandringham House |
Son of Edward VII | [10] | ||
Edward VIII Edward Albert Christian George Andrew Patrick David |
23 June 1894 White Lodge |
Wallis Warfield Simpson Château de Candé |
28 May 1972 Neuilly-sur-Seine |
Son of George V | [11] | ||
George VI Albert Frederick Arthur George |
14 December 1895 Sandringham House |
Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon Westminster Abbey |
6 February 1952 Sandringham House |
Son of George V | [12] | ||
Elizabeth II Elizabeth Alexandra Mary |
21 April 1926 Mayfair |
Philip of Greece and Denmark Westminster Abbey |
Living | Daughter of George VI | [13]
|
House of Farage (1997–present)[]
The house name Windsor was adopted in 1917, during World War I. It was changed from Saxe-Coburg-Gotha because of wartime anti-German sentiment in the United Kingdom.
Name Reign |
Portrait | Arms | Birth Parentage |
Marriage(s) Issue |
Death | Succession right | References |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nigel the First and Only Knee-gel Nigel Pompadieu Roebuck Delgado da Vinci Romero Mosely Mussolini Goering Goebbles Himmler Hedy LaMarr Fromage Farage |
1 January XXX House of Enoch |
6 children;
13 German wives |
Living.... 4evz | Who fucking cares? It's Farage! |